THE ROLE OF KINESITHERAPY IN THE REHABILITATION OF HAND AND FINGER INJURIES – A CLINICAL CASE

Abstract

The hand is an excellent functional structure with a versatile movement mechanism. Its ability depends greatly on the participation of the big (middle) finger, which forms the central axis and is the most important for almost every human and fine activity of the hands. The hand comprises nineteen bones, seventeen joints, nineteen muscles, and approximately the same number (19) tendons. The hand is made up of 5 metacarpal bones and 14 phalanges. The metacarpal bone, which belongs to each finger and the corresponding phalanges, creates a “beam”, i.e. the hand comprises 5 rays. Each ray has one carpometacarpal joint (CMC) and one metacarpophalangeal joint (MPJ). The second to fifth fingers also form two interphalangeal joints (IPJ). The thumb forms only one interphalangeal joint. Intermetacarpal joints are formed between the bases of the metacarpal bones. The first ray (thumb) is directed perpendicular to the other fingers and is the most mobile. This allows it to be positioned opposite the other fingers when performing various actions. However, the terminology of its movements requires some specification. The characteristic of the human hand is the variety of movements through which its basic function is realized – grasping objects (grip). Movements are realized in the joints of the palm, palmar-forearm joints, and finger joints. Fractures with soft tissue injuries are emergency surgical cases. The treatment of open fractures has undergone significant changes in recent years, and today there is an aggressive tendency towards the removal of devitalized tissues from trauma, striving for definitive and anatomical placement of the fracture with the help of internal or external bone fixation and soft tissue coverage of the defect.