PEDAGOGICAL METHODS AND TECHNIQUES FOR INTRODUCING THE WORK OF THE WRITER AND POETESS DORA GABE TO PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

Abstract

The report presents some of the main methods and techniques applied in the methodology of teaching Bulgarian language and literature to preschool children when introducing them to the work of the famous Bulgarian writer and poetess Dora Gabe. The important role of the presence of fiction in the direct work of pedagogues and its connection with the formation of correct oral speech and the habit of speech communication of adolescents with others based on mastering the literary language of the people is emphasized. Despite the very diverse classifications of methods and techniques in pedagogy, emphasis is placed on their complex use, which allows children a more comprehensive perception of the fiction that is presented to them in kindergarten. For the successful implementation of the tasks of introducing children to fiction, it is also important that the teacher correctly selects the works available in content and form, and the specific requirements for the gradual complication of the program content from one age group to another must be taken into account. That is why what Dora Gabe created is so suitable for children to study in the 1st age group to the last 4th preschool group in kindergarten. In her works, the author manages not only in an accessible, entertaining and unique way to push and suggest her main ideas about the things in the world, but also to accurately comply with the volume of her respective work in terms of where and for what age reception it should subsequently be referred and interpreted. In this sense, the works of Dora Gabe can be united, for example, around different topics for study in kindergarten: several works for the winter or for the other seasons - "Slide", "Wonderful Thing", "Martenitsi", "Mila Babo Marto"; for animals - "Chicken", "I am a ladybug too", "Bunny"; for the same moral concept (love for the mother, courage, honesty, etc.) - "To Mom", "The Teacher". Works of different genres can also be combined - fairy tale, story, poem, fable, etc., as well as works in which contrasting images and deeds are depicted - about hard work, laziness, etc. - "Apple and quince", "Ready".
Many of her works, such as "Droplets", "What the Sun Sees", "Through Our Eyes", are written specifically for the youngest in preschool age and are distinguished by a special radiance, affection and sincerity, so inherent in artists who are truly close to the depths of the child's heart. Playful rhymes or cheerful tales - sincere, simple and free from deliberate didacticism - the written word of the great poetess continues to excite and live in the minds of young and old to this day, carrying the magic and the undying spark of her immortal talent.