EVALUATION OF TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON THE NUMBER OF PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS IN WATER
Keywords:
underground waters, drinking water, pathogenic microorganisms, climate changes, temperatureAbstract
Water is the basic need of every living being and it is important to ensure its safety, whether it is water intended for drinking or for recreation and rehabilitation. Water is consumed in various areas of life in addition to water supply for the population, such as agriculture, various types of industry, energy production, and for pharmaceutical and recreational purposes. Underground water (raw waters) contamination rappresents a serious threat for drinking water supplies. It has been established that microorganisms in underground water can live up to fifty days. However, biological contamination of water is also possible, and for this reason, water must be disinfected before use. Once contaminated groundwater is very difficult to restore to its original state, and the procedure itself is very expensive. Therefore, it is best and cheapest to protect groundwater from any pollution. In today's modern ways of living, due to several factors, we are facing global climatic changes that have a vast impact on water quality. Drinking water high temperatures are due to climatic changes that can lead towards an increased number of opportunistic pathogens. The biggest problem is that climate variability is strongly influencing population health worldwide. The effects on underground waters resources and water related illnesses are on the rise, especially within changing climate scenarios such as differences in rain patterns, temperature rising etc. The aim of this research was microbiology analysis of underground waters samples periodically taken during a whole year in the Sarajevo (Bosnia & Herzegovina) area, with the intent of showing the effects caused by temperature changes caused by shifting seasons towards pathogenic microorganisms. Pathogenic microorganisms analysis was done following the book of instructions for hygienic security for drinking water within the County of Sarajevo and it was done for: Escherichia Coli, coliform bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis, aerobic mesophiliac bacteria at 22C and 36C and Clostridium perfingens. Based on obtained data we can see that temperature factors induce growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Samples taken during warmer periods have a bigger presence of pathogenic microorganisms compared to samples taken during colder periods. A very important conclusion of this research is that higher air temperatures during the year could potentially lead towards an even higher number of pathogenic microorganisms inside underground waters that will have a negative implication on drinking water that runs from these sources and therefore we could face health hazards for general population.
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