CHALLENGES IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

Abstract

As global supply chains grow increasingly complex, dynamic, and interdependent, managing them effectively has become a critical concern for both industry and academia. This study adopts a mixed-methods research design to explore contemporary challenges in supply chain management (SCM), integrating quantitative survey data from 150 professionals, qualitative insights from 20 expert interviews, and supporting document analysis from five organizations. Findings indicate that the most pressing challenges include supply chain disruptions (87%), inventory management inefficiencies (75%), and supplier reliability issues (68%). Despite the recognized potential of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things, only 45% of firms have achieved full implementation, with 60% reporting significant integration barriers. Qualitative data further reveal recurrent issues including inter-organizational communication gaps, escalating regulatory demands, and a critical shortage of digitally skilled supply chain professionals. Document analysis confirms inconsistencies in performance indicators and a lack of structured risk management frameworks. Comparative analysis shows surveyed organizations fall below industry standards in resilience (65%) and digital maturity (50%). This paper contributes to the academic discourse by categorizing SCM challenges into strategic, operational, technological, and regulatory domains, offering a conceptual framework to guide future research and inform evidence-based practice. The findings underscore the need for interdisciplinary strategies to enhance adaptability, transparency, and long-term resilience in global supply networks.