METEOROLOGICAL DISASTERS – RISKS, CONSEQUENCES AND MEDICAL AID

Abstract

Frequent extreme weather and climate disasters threaten the normal functioning of the society. The purpose of this study is to emphasize meteorological disasters, and storms in particular, which threaten the life and health of the population, as well as the necessary measures to reduce the impact. Materials and methods: Documentary, descriptive and comparative methods were used to analyze scientific literature and press publications related to specific information on the subject. Results: The frequency of meteorological disasters shows an upward trend worldwide. Four specific cases of casualties of thunderstorms in 2022 and 2023 in Bulgaria are presented. The correct risk assessment, the preventive measures taken and adequate behavior during these disasters affect the outcome for those who are affected and injured. Conclusions: Meteorological disasters are a serious challenge for the economy, the institutions and the population in any country because they cause pronounced negative consequences for the agriculture and the economy, change the lifestyle by depriving the affected population of means of existence and increase the probability of irreversible and medical losses. The results of the analysis show that a comprehensive management approach to natural disasters is needed in accordance with the risks for the specific country, active steps to protect the population by carrying out preventive measures, timely actions by the institutions, as well as cooperation from the population. Conclusion: Forecasts for future meteorological disasters predict an increase in the number of thunderstorms with subsequent lightning strikes. We can talk about the current and ongoing climate vulnerability of the population as a result of global warming and changing climatic conditions. Studying the risk and prevention, occurrence and consequences, actions and rules, as well as providing timely and adequate first and first medical aid to storm casualties will reduce the negative consequences on the society and the economy. Continuous public awareness of upcoming climate changes, evolving weather conditions, maintaining constant readiness, and coordinated actions by institutions are necessary.