INCIDENCE OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITH ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION AND THE IMPORTANCE OF NURSING CARE BEFORE AND AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION
Keywords:
acute myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, incidence, treatment, nursing careAbstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, and coronary heart disease accounts for nearly half of all deaths from CVD. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a nonsurgical, invasive procedure used to improve blood flow to ischemic tissue and relieve coronary artery narrowing or occlusion caused by complications of coronary heart disease, including acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association recommend that all eligible patients with STEMI who have had symptoms within the previous 12 hours receive reperfusion therapy, and primary PCI is the recommended method of reperfusion when it can be performed in a timely manner (ideally, the door-to-balloon time should not exceed 90 minutes).
Objective: The aim of this paper is to present the incidence of acute myocardial infarction and its treatment in patients hospitalized in the PHI UK Clinic of Cardiology - Skopje, over a three-year period.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted at the PHI UK Clinic of Cardiology - Skopje. The study included patients hospitalized with STEMI and the method of treatment received.
Results: The total number of percutaneous coronary interventions performed at the clinic in the period from 2022 to 2024 is 14,158. Of the total number, 9,490 (67%) were male, and 4,668 (33%) were female. Of the total number of coronary interventions performed, 2,140 (15.1%) were primary PCI in STEMI.
Conclusion: Urgent conditions such as acute myocardial infarction occur suddenly, without warning and in patients who have not previously been treated for heart disease, and their treatment includes performing percutaneous coronary interventions. For prevention and patient care, a quality healthcare facility, equipment and expertise of healthcare workers, as well as nursing care for acutely endangered patients before and after the intervention are extremely important.
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