CREATION OF 3D MODELS BASED ON LiDAR DATA

Abstract

The interest in 3D data and 3D modeling is growing every day, and consequently, their role is becoming increasingly crucial in various application areas such as geodesy, construction, transportation, geology, mining, agriculture, urban planning, environmental protection, and more. The broad scope of application for these models speaks volumes about their efficiency and possibilities. LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) is a procedure in which, based on airborne laser scanning and data collected using additional devices integrated into the LiDAR system, coordinates are obtained for each point on the surface from which the laser beam is reflected (terrain, natural and man-made objects). The basic components of this system include a moving platform (airplane, helicopter, drone), a laser scanner that includes a laser rangefinder and beam steering device, GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), and INS (Inertial Navigation System). By combining measurements from these components, such as distances, angles of beam emission, aircraft rotation angles around coordinate axes, and the aircraft's position in a specific coordinate system, coordinates for points are derived. The creation of 3D models involves an exceptionally complex and intricate process. Although an infinite amount of data would be needed for a complete description of a 3D model, today's data collection technology and processing and modeling software enable the creation of high-quality models.