RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF SPINAL ANESTHESIA AT THE PHI GENERAL HOSPITAL KUMANOVO (2023–2024)
Keywords:
spinal anesthesia, retrospective analysis, surgery, gynecology, clinical practiceAbstract
This specialist paper addresses the topic related to the retrospective analysis of the use of spinal anesthesia at the Public Health Institution General Hospital Kumanovo in the period from 2023 to 2024. The research focuses on determining the frequency of its application, the distribution according to diagnoses, and the changes in trends between the two analyzed years. The aim of the study is to present a realistic clinical overview of the use of spinal anesthesia, particularly in which surgical procedures and hospital departments this technique is most frequently applied, as well as to identify possible differences between the departments of surgery and gynecology. The research was conducted through a retrospective analysis of data obtained from hospital registries, operative records, and medical documentation of the Public Health Institution General Hospital Kumanovo. The analysis of the collected data shows that in the surgical department there is an increase in the number of interventions performed under spinal anesthesia in 2024 compared to 2023, while in the gynecology department a decrease in such interventions has been observed. The most common diagnoses in surgical practice include hernias, appendicitis, femoral neck fractures, and cholecystectomies, while in gynecology cesarean sections and extirpations are the most frequent procedures. Spinal anesthesia is a widely used anesthesiological technique in modern surgical practice. It is a neurax ial technique in which a local anesthetic is administered directly into the intrathecal (subarachnoid) space. Unlike general anesthesia, spinal anesthesia is a regional anesthetic technique that provides effective analgesia without loss of consciousness and preserves protective reflexes. It is most commonly used for surgical procedures below the lumbar region, including urological, proctologic, gynecological procedures, and surgeries of the lower extremities. Spinal anesthesia represents one of the most important techniques in regional anesthesia and has wide application in contemporary medicine. Its use provides a high level of analgesia, patient stability, and relatively rapid postoperative recovery. With the development of modern anesthesiological techniques and improved safety protocols, spinal anesthesia today represents a safe and effective alternative to general anesthesia in many surgical procedures and significantly contributes to improving patient safety and the overall quality of surgical treatment.
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