THE PSYCHOLOGY OF VISUAL IMPAIRMENT IN ADULTS

Abstract

Chronic visual impairment in adults represents a significant factor affecting not only sensory functions but also psychological well-being, independence, social functioning, and work capacity. Adult patients often experience emotional reactions such as anxiety, depression, and feelings of loss, which reduce self-perception and motivation. Maladaptive coping strategies, including withdrawal, passivity, and avoidance od activities, further limit quality of life and social interaction. However, adaptive strategies, including acceptance of the condition, active rehabilitation, use of visual aids, and social support, can enhance autonomy, improve work capacity, and enable active societal integration. Understanding the psychological consequences and developing effective coping mechanisms are crucial for improving psychosocial functioning and quality of life in adults with visual impairment. Furthermore, the findings indicate a higer prevalence of psychological consequences in older individuals. Early detection and an interdisciplinary approach (ophthalmologist, psychologist, and rehabilitation specialist) signficantly reduce the risk of social isolation and functional dependency. Psychological support should therefore be considered an integral part of the management of visually impaired patients