HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA

Abstract

Human trafficking is considered one of the most serious forms of organized crime in the modern world. It undermines the foundations of the rule of law, violates fundamental human rights and freedoms, and deprives individuals of their dignity while seriously endangering their physical and psychological well-being. Often referred to as the “white slave trade,” this form of criminal activity has deep historical roots and has continuously adapted to changing social and economic conditions throughout history.
In ancient and medieval periods, human trafficking was most commonly expressed through the enslavement of women during wars. Captured individuals were exploited to serve military forces, while many were subjected to slavery or sold into state-controlled brothels. This historical perspective demonstrates that human trafficking has long functioned as a tool for economic gain and social control, reducing human beings to objects of exploitation and denying them basic rights and dignity.
In the context of globalization, one of the key responsibilities of states is to ensure effective protection of citizens from such abuses by safeguarding their fundamental rights and freedoms. At the same time, strict legal sanctions must be imposed on perpetrators in order to reduce criminal activity and strengthen preventive measures.
The rapid expansion of the internet and social media platforms has created new opportunities for recruitment and manipulation. Victims are frequently deceived through false job offers, promises of high income, or various forms of coercion. These methods significantly increase vulnerability and facilitate exploitation.
Another contributing factor to the growth of human trafficking is the liberalization of national borders. Easier movement and reduced border controls allow victims to be transported and resold multiple times, increasing profits for criminal organizations. Although governments, non-governmental organizations, and civil society institutions have implemented various measures through conventions, protocols, strategies, and legislation, the results have not yet been fully effective. Therefore, stronger coordination, improved implementation of policies, and continuous public awareness remain essential in the fight against this growing form of crime.