ANAMNESIS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

Abstract

In recent years, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases has increased. Despite advances in medicine, their diagnosis is a challenge. A large proportion of patients remain undiagnosed or detect the disease late, when irreversible processes have occurred in the cardiovascular system and the body as a whole. The purpose of this article is to present more characteristic features when taking anamnesis in patients with cardiological diseases. Every examination of a patient begins with questioning the patient. It is necessary to give the patient the opportunity to answer the questions comprehensively, without being interrupted. It is important to note that no period of the subject's development should be neglected. The predisposition to the development of cardiopathies may have a genetic component (the presence of a genetic disease) and a family burden (a parent with this disease). The occurrence of cardiological disease may be due to the neonatal period of development - viral diseases and drug treatment of the mother; structural features in the development of the fetus. Through the anamnesis, important information can be obtained about the growth and development of the child during childhood and adolescence, as well as about past illnesses and the complications caused by them. The current condition of the patient has a central place in the anamnesis. The presence of fatigue, shortness of breath, edema, pain in the chest area point us to the cardiological nature of the health problem of the subjects. Reporting in the anamnesis data on concomitant diseases related to the respiratory, endocrine and nervous systems can guide us and/or explain the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. We are interested in past illnesses and traumas that are related to the current problem. Reporting poor eating and exercise habits, combined with psycho-emotional stress in everyday life and work, can be considered as a link to the occurrence of acute cardiac diseases. The experience of viral diseases often leads to heart complications. The modern framework for assessing the patient's condition "SOCRATES" is a good basis for acquiring data from the anamnesis through the correct structuring of the questions. A well-taken history can save time and money in diagnosing cardiovascular diseases, and identifying risk factors helps cardiac rehabilitaters take adequate measures to improve the patient's condition. Revealing details about the patient's health depends on the examiner's experience in predisposing him and asking the right questions. Earlier detection of a cardiac problem, through an accurate history, would help take adequate measures to prevent complications arising from it.