PATIENT PREPARATION FOR SURGICAL INTERVENTION AND ASA CLASSIFICATION
Keywords:
patient preparation, surgical intervention, ASA classificationAbstract
In this paper, the process of preparing the patient for surgery will be examined, with a particular focus on the role of the ASA classification in anesthesiological practice.Preparing a patient for surgery is a process that involves a series of activities that are carried out to ensure that the patient is ready for surgery and that all potential risks are minimized. This process begins with a detailed assessment of the patient's health condition and ends with specific preparation for the surgical intervention itself. In preparing the patient, anesthesiologists play a key role in choosing the most appropriate anesthesia and ensuring that the patient will be stable during the surgery. The ASA classification, which categorizes the physical condition of patients prior to surgery, plays a significant role in determining the most appropriate anesthesiological approach. This paper will cover various aspects of preparation, such as preoperative assessment, choice of anesthesia, and mechanisms for preventing complications. Through analysis of examples, it will explore how different ASA classifications affect the therapeutic approach and outcome of surgical interventions.
References
Barash, P. G., Cullen, B. F., Stoelting, R. K., Cahalan, M. K., Stock, M. C., & Ortega, R. (2013). Clinical anesthesia (7th ed.). Wolters Kluwer Health.
Barash, P. G., Cullen, B. F., Stoelting, R. K., & Al, E. (2013). Clinical anesthesia. Wolters Kluwer Health.
Chung, P., Fong, C. T., Walters, A. M., Yetisgen, M., & O’ReillyShah, V. N. (2023). Prediction of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification from preoperative clinical text narratives using natural language processing. BMC Anesthesiology, 23, 296.
Domino, K. B., Task Force on Preoperative Fasting, & American Society of Anesthesiologists. (2017). Practice guidelines for preoperative fasting and the use of pharmacologic agents to reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration: Application to healthy patients undergoing elective procedures. Anesthesiology, 126(3), 376–393.
Foley, C., Kendall, M. C., Apruzzese, P., & De Oliveira, G. S. (2021). American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification as a reliable predictor of postoperative medical complications and mortality following ambulatory surgery: an analysis of 2,089,830 ACSNSQIP outpatient cases. BMC Surgery, 21, Article 253.
Hocevar, L. A., & Fitzgerald, B. M. (2025). American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification system. In NCBI Bookshelf: StatPearls.
Hocevar, L. A., & Fitzgerald, B. M. (2023). American Society of Anesthesiologists staging. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved from NCBI Bookshelf. (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
Horvath, B., Kloesel, B., Todd, M. M., Cole, D. J., & Prielipp, R. C. (2021). The evolution, current value, and future of the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification system. Anesthesiology, 135(5), 904–919.
IntechOpen. (n.d.). Anesthesia and Sedation. In IntechOpen—Chapter on ASA physical status classification system and fasting guidelines. (intechopen.com)
Joshi, G. P., Abdelmalak, B. B., Weigel, W. A., Harbell, M. W., Kuo, C. I., Soriano, S. G., Stricker, P. A., Tipton, T., Grant, M. D., Marbella, A. M., & Agarkar, M. (2023). Practice guidelines for preoperative fasting: updated recommendations from the ASA Task Force. Anesthesiology, 138(2), 132–151.
Lalević, P. (1999). Anesteziologija (2nd ed.). Zavod za udžbenike i nastavna sredstva. (Original work published 1986)
Morgan, G. E., Mikhail, M. S., & Murray, M. J. (2006). Clinical anesthesiology (4th ed.). Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill.
Pannucci, C. J., et al. (2014). Evidence-based clinical practice manual: Patient preparation for surgery and transfer to the operating room. Colombian Journal of Anesthesiology, S2256–2087(14)001308. (elsevier.es)
Pardo, M., & Miller, R. D. (2018). Basics of anesthesia (7th ed.). Elsevier.
Wikipedia contributors. (2025). ASA physical status classification system. In Wikipedia. Retrieved from Wikipedia.
