MEDICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH BURNS IN HOME CONDITIONS

Abstract

Burn injuries are among the most severe traumatic conditions and represent a major public health challenge worldwide. They require timely, multidisciplinary treatment that begins immediately after the injury and continues throughout the rehabilitation process. Advances in burn management have significantly improved survival rates; however, many patients continue their recovery at home after hospital discharge. Therefore, home health care has become an essential component of comprehensive burn treatment, ensuring continuity of care and supporting long-term recovery. Appropriate home-based management contributes to wound healing, prevention of complications, preservation of physical function, and improvement of patients’ quality of life.
The aim of this paper is to present the contemporary principles of burn care in the home setting, with particular emphasis on the organization of home health care services, the role of nurses, patient and family education, and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach during rehabilitation. Special attention is given to evidence-based interventions that promote safe and effective recovery outside the hospital environment.
This article is a narrative review of the current scientific literature. Relevant publications, clinical practice guidelines, systematic reviews, and international recommendations published between 2019 and 2026 were analyzed. The review focuses on modern burn wound management, advanced wound dressings, pain control, infection prevention, nutritional support, scar management, physical rehabilitation, psychosocial care, telemedicine, and the organization of home health care services.
The available evidence indicates that well-organized home health care promotes faster wound healing, reduces the incidence of wound infections, improves functional recovery, minimizes scar-related complications, and decreases hospital readmissions. Nurses play a central role in patient assessment, wound care, monitoring the healing process, early recognition of complications, medication management, patient and family education, and psychological support. Furthermore, the use of advanced wound care technologies, telemedicine, and digital patient monitoring enhances communication between patients and healthcare professionals, facilitates early intervention when complications occur, and improves the safety, accessibility, and efficiency of burn management at home.
Modern burn care extends far beyond hospital treatment and requires continuous, evidence-based home health care tailored to individual patient needs. A multidisciplinary approach involving physicians, nurses, physiotherapists, nutritionists, psychologists, and other healthcare professionals, supported by current clinical guidelines, advanced wound care techniques, and comprehensive patient education, is essential for successful recovery. Such an approach contributes to preventing complications, restoring functional independence, promoting social reintegration, and improving the overall quality of life of burn survivors