FOLLOW-UP OF BREAST CANCER, POSTOPERATIVE TREATMENT AND PET/CT SCAN ANALYSIS

Abstract

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases among women, both globally and in our country, and represents a major public health challenge.
It develops as a result of uncontrolled proliferation of cells in breast tissue, most often originating from the epithelium of the milk ducts or lobules. Breast cancer can remain localized or metastasize to distant organs, such as bones, lungs, liver, and brain.
In recent years, the incidence of breast cancer has increased, significant progress has been made in diagnostics and therapeutic approaches.The implementation of screening programs, modern diagnostic methods and advanced therapies has contributed to a substantial improvement in patient survival andquality of life.
Alongside comprehensive treatment and prevention strategies, early detection remain a key factor in improving outcomes
Raising awareness among the female population about regular self-examinations, mammography screening, and timely medical consultation in case of any breast changes i is essential.
Common symptoms of breast cancer include a lump in the breast or under the armpit, typically painless, hard irregularin shape andto the surrounding tissue. Other signs may include skin changes such as redness, peeling, thickening or an "orange peel" appearance, as well as alterations inbreast changes in shape or size, asymmetry, swelling or retraction. Nipple changes may occur, including.
redness, pain and itching, ordischarge, especially if blood or clear. Pain appears in the later stages, but may occasionally present early. Enlarged , hard and tender lymph nodes in the armpits, can indicate the spread of the disease.
The success of breast cancer treatment largely depends on factors such as woman's age, overallhealth,tumor type, size and location, as well as whether the cancer has metastasized. .
Early detection achieved throughtimely diagnosis and appropriate treatment initiation, is critical to favorable outcomes. Notably, three-quartersof breast cancer cases are discovered by the women themselves or their partners, 50-60% of these women delay seeking medical attention for three or more months which can negatively impact prognosis.